Türkiye
Türkiye is an upper-middle-income economy in Europe & Central Asia, with its capital at Ankara. 100.0% of its people had electricity in 2024.
- Electricity access
- 100.0%
- 2024, world 91.9%
- Renewable electricity
- 35.4%
- 2021, world 27.8%
- CO₂ per person
- 5.38 t
- 2024, world 4.69 t
- Consumption per person
- 3,873 kWh
- 2025, world 3,708 kWh
- Clean cooking
- 98.0%
- 2024, world 75.4%
- GDP per person
- 18,599
- 2025, world 14,406
Electricity generation mix
- Oil
- Coal
- Gas
- Hydro
- Nuclear
- Solar, wind & other
Türkiye2025
Europe & Central Asia2024
World2024
View data table
| Economy | Oil | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Nuclear | Solar, wind & other | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Türkiye | 0.3% | 33.4% | 23.0% | 15.8% | 0.0% | 18.7% | 2025 |
| Europe & Central Asia | 1.1% | 14.2% | 24.8% | 18.3% | 20.1% | 17.2% | 2024 |
| World | 2.3% | 34.5% | 21.9% | 14.6% | 9.8% | 12.4% | 2024 |
Share of electricity production by source, latest year available. Shares may not sum to exactly 100% because of rounding and minor sources.
Access to electricity
% of population, compared with Europe & Central Asia and the world.
- Türkiye
- World
- Europe & Central Asia
0%
50%
100%
TürkiyeEurope & Central AsiaWorld View data table
| Year | Türkiye | World | Europe & Central Asia |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 100.0% | 91.9% | 100.0% |
| 2023 | 100.0% | 91.6% | 100.0% |
| 2022 | 100.0% | 91.3% | 100.0% |
| 2021 | 100.0% | 91.3% | 100.0% |
| 2020 | 100.0% | 90.4% | 100.0% |
| 2019 | 100.0% | 90.1% | 100.0% |
| 2018 | 100.0% | 89.8% | 100.0% |
| 2017 | 100.0% | 88.9% | 100.0% |
| 2016 | 100.0% | 88.1% | 99.8% |
| 2015 | 100.0% | 86.9% | 99.2% |
| 2014 | 100.0% | 86.2% | 99.9% |
| 2013 | 100.0% | 85.7% | 99.8% |
| 2012 | 100.0% | 84.9% | 99.8% |
| 2011 | 100.0% | 84.5% | 99.7% |
| 2010 | 100.0% | 83.5% | 99.7% |
| 2009 | 99.7% | 82.9% | 99.5% |
| 2008 | 99.7% | 82.7% | 99.4% |
| 2007 | 99.7% | 82.0% | 99.4% |
| 2006 | 99.7% | 81.4% | 99.3% |
| 2005 | 99.7% | 80.7% | 99.3% |
| 2004 | 99.7% | 80.0% | 99.2% |
| 2003 | 99.8% | 80.0% | 99.2% |
| 2002 | 99.8% | 79.1% | 99.2% |
| 2001 | 99.9% | 78.7% | 99.2% |
| 2000 | 99.9% | 78.2% | 99.1% |
| 1999 | – | 74.5% | 99.9% |
| 1998 | – | 73.2% | 100.0% |
| 1997 | – | – | 100.0% |
| 1996 | – | – | 100.0% |
| 1995 | – | – | 100.0% |
Energy production and use
| Measure | Latest | Year | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude oil production | 125 thousand b/d | 2025 | 40 of 99 |
| Oil consumption | 1,158 thousand b/d | 2025 | 20 of 216 |
| Gas production | 2.3 bcm | 2024 | 57 of 97 |
| Gas consumption | 53.2 bcm | 2024 | 16 of 126 |
| Coal production | 79.0 million tonnes | 2024 | 12 of 67 |
| Electricity generation | 333 TWh | 2024 | 15 of 211 |
| Renewable generation | 155 TWh | 2024 | 10 of 206 |
| Primary energy consumption | 6.41 quad Btu | 2024 | 16 of 215 |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics.
Power generation, 2025
Türkiye generated 354 TWh of electricity in 2025, 43% of it from low-carbon sources, at 476 grams of CO₂ per kWh.
Source: Ember, yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0).
Türkiye in world rankings
- Crude oil production#40 of 98
- Oil consumption#20 of 203
- Natural gas production#57 of 96
- Natural gas consumption#16 of 125
- Coal production#12 of 66
- Electricity generation#15 of 202
- Renewable generation#10 of 200
- Primary energy consumption#16 of 203
- Clean electricity share#85 of 190
- Grid carbon intensity#102 of 190
- Solar share of electricity#47 of 169
- Wind share of electricity#32 of 103
- Hydro share of electricity#84 of 140
- Gas share of electricity#61 of 114
- Coal share of electricity#22 of 79
Emissions
CO₂ per person, tonnes, excluding land use.
- Türkiye
- World
- Europe & Central Asia
0 t
5 t
10 t
Europe & Central AsiaTürkiyeWorld View data table
| Year | Türkiye | World | Europe & Central Asia |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 5.38 t | 4.69 t | 6.62 t |
| 2023 | 5.23 t | 4.68 t | 6.63 t |
| 2022 | 5.23 t | 4.67 t | 6.85 t |
| 2021 | 5.48 t | 4.68 t | 7.09 t |
| 2020 | 5.07 t | 4.47 t | 6.62 t |
| 2019 | 5.02 t | 4.70 t | 7.04 t |
| 2018 | 5.27 t | 4.73 t | 7.25 t |
| 2017 | 5.39 t | 4.67 t | 7.27 t |
| 2016 | 4.94 t | 4.65 t | 7.20 t |
| 2015 | 4.70 t | 4.70 t | 7.23 t |
| 2014 | 4.60 t | 4.78 t | 7.27 t |
| 2013 | 4.38 t | 4.81 t | 7.61 t |
| 2012 | 4.58 t | 4.77 t | 7.82 t |
| 2011 | 4.48 t | 4.76 t | 7.92 t |
| 2010 | 4.27 t | 4.67 t | 7.92 t |
| 2009 | 4.18 t | 4.45 t | 7.62 t |
| 2008 | 4.22 t | 4.56 t | 8.28 t |
| 2007 | 4.28 t | 4.59 t | 8.41 t |
| 2006 | 3.91 t | 4.48 t | 8.43 t |
| 2005 | 3.55 t | 4.39 t | 8.31 t |
| 2004 | 3.44 t | 4.28 t | 8.35 t |
| 2003 | 3.39 t | 4.15 t | 8.36 t |
| 2002 | 3.24 t | 4.02 t | 8.10 t |
| 2001 | 3.12 t | 4.01 t | 8.12 t |
| 2000 | 3.47 t | 4.01 t | 8.08 t |
| 1999 | 3.17 t | 3.95 t | 8.00 t |
| 1998 | 3.23 t | 3.98 t | 8.05 t |
| 1997 | 3.25 t | 4.02 t | 8.05 t |
| 1996 | 3.14 t | 4.01 t | 8.34 t |
| 1995 | 2.92 t | 3.99 t | 8.36 t |
Currency
49.38 TRY
per US dollar, mid-market reference. 1 TRY = ₦26.96
Sunshine in Ankara
1.3 kWh/m² today
- We1.3 kWh per square metre
- Th1.8 kWh per square metre
- Fr1.1 kWh per square metre
- Sa1.8 kWh per square metre
- Su3.4 kWh per square metre
- Mo4.2 kWh per square metre
- Tu4.0 kWh per square metre
Open-Meteo forecast, modelled irradiation.
Power plants
Installed capacity by fuel
163 plants, 51,445 MW recorded in WRI’s Global Power Plant Database.
- Coal17,707 MW
- Gas17,491 MW
- Hydro13,839 MW
- Oil843 MW
- Solar695 MW
- Geothermal480 MW
- Wind391 MW
Snapshot as of the database’s 2021 release; newer plants are not included. Nameplate capacity, not available generation.
Largest plants
| Plant | Fuel | MW | Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afşin Elbistan Termik Santrali | Coal | 2,795 | – |
| Atatürk Dam | Hydro | 2,400 | – |
| Zonguldak Eren (ZETES) | Coal | 2,090 | – |
| Karakaya Dam | Hydro | 1,800 | – |
| Enka Gebze Doğalgaz Santrali | Gas | 1,595 | – |
| Enka İzmir Doğalgaz Santrali | Gas | 1,520 | – |
| Bursa Doğalgaz Santrali | Gas | 1,432 | – |
| Ambarlı B Doğalgaz Santrali | Gas | 1,351 | – |
| Keban Dam | Hydro | 1,330 | – |
| Cenal power station | Coal | 1,320 | 2017 |
| İsken Sugözü power station | Coal | 1,210 | – |
| Ilısu Dam | Hydro | 1,200 | – |
All indicators
Türkiye in numbers
Energy access
| Indicator | Türkiye | Year | Europe & Central Asia | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0% | 2024 | 100.0% | 91.9% |
| Access to electricity, rural % of rural population | 100.0% | 2024 | 100.0% | 84.9% |
| Access to electricity, urban % of urban population | 100.0% | 2024 | 100.0% | 97.8% |
| Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking % of population | 98.0% | 2024 | 98.3% | 75.4% |
Power supply and mix
| Indicator | Türkiye | Year | Europe & Central Asia | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from coal % of total | 33.4% | 2025 | 14.2% | 34.5% |
| Electricity production from natural gas % of total | 23.0% | 2025 | 24.8% | 21.9% |
| Electricity production from oil % of total | 0.3% | 2025 | 1.1% | 2.3% |
| Electricity production from nuclear % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 20.1% | 9.8% |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources % of total | 15.8% | 2025 | 18.3% | 14.6% |
| Electric power transmission and distribution losses % of output | 7.8% | 2025 | 7.4% | 6.9% |
| Electric power consumption per capita kWh per capita | 3,873 kWh | 2025 | 5,493 kWh | 3,708 kWh |
Energy transition
| Indicator | Türkiye | Year | Europe & Central Asia | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from renewables, excluding hydro % of total | 18.7% | 2021 | 17.2% | 12.4% |
| Renewable electricity output % of total electricity output | 35.4% | 2021 | 34.4% | 27.8% |
| Renewable energy consumption % of total final energy consumption | 12.0% | 2021 | 15.1% | 19.7% |
| CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding LULUCF) t CO₂e per capita | 5.38 t | 2024 | 6.62 t | 4.69 t |
| CO₂ emissions, total (excluding LULUCF) Mt CO₂e | 460.0 Mt | 2024 | 6,082.4 Mt | 39,632.7 Mt |
| Energy intensity of primary energy MJ per $2017 PPP GDP | 2.27 MJ/$ | 2022 | 2.58 MJ/$ | 4.54 MJ/$ |
Energy economy
| Indicator | Türkiye | Year | Europe & Central Asia | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 5.4% | 2025 | 6.3% | 9.5% |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.14% | 2021 | 1.07% | 1.36% |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.01% | 2021 | 0.63% | 0.52% |
| GDP per capita current US$ | 18,599 | 2025 | 34,603 | 14,406 |
| Population, total people | 85.9M | 2025 | 932.5M | 8.2B |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Latest year available per series.
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