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Global and national transition frameworks, explained.

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Data

Documented datasets with sources, units and revision dates.

Energy and commodity prices

Seventeen benchmarks that set the price of energy and the materials of the energy transition, from Brent crude to copper. Daily prices come from the U.S. Energy Information Administration; monthly averages from the International Monetary Fund.

Crude oil

BenchmarkLatestUnit1 yearTrendAs of
Brent crude oil price 125.44 US$ per barrel +87.0% 6 Oct 2026
WTI crude oil price 96.24 US$ per barrel +54.0% 6 Oct 2026

Natural gas

BenchmarkLatestUnit1 yearTrendAs of
Henry Hub natural gas price 3.03 US$ per MMBtu −8.7% 6 Oct 2026
European natural gas price (TTF) 17.93 US$ per MMBtu +56.3% 1 Jul 2026
Asian LNG price (Japan) 19.56 US$ per MMBtu +59.5% 1 Jul 2026

Refined products

BenchmarkLatestUnit1 yearTrendAs of
Gasoline (petrol) wholesale price 3.396 US$ per gallon +77.8% 6 Oct 2026
Diesel wholesale price 4.565 US$ per gallon +108.4% 6 Oct 2026
Jet fuel price 4.342 US$ per gallon +105.0% 6 Oct 2026
Heating oil price 4.503 US$ per gallon +109.0% 6 Oct 2026
Propane price 0.919 US$ per gallon +38.6% 6 Oct 2026

Coal and uranium

BenchmarkLatestUnit1 yearTrendAs of
Thermal coal price 140.40 US$ per tonne +20.7% 1 Jul 2026
Uranium price 69.23 US$ per pound +17.5% 1 Jul 2026

Transition metals

BenchmarkLatestUnit1 yearTrendAs of
Copper price 13,543 US$ per tonne +38.6% 1 Jul 2026
Aluminium price 3,158 US$ per tonne +21.2% 1 Jul 2026
Nickel price 16,632 US$ per tonne +10.6% 1 Jul 2026
Zinc price 3,594 US$ per tonne +30.1% 1 Jul 2026
Iron ore price 101.60 US$ per tonne +0.4% 1 Jul 2026

Spot prices are daily closing assessments; IMF prices are monthly averages published a few weeks after the month ends. More: electricity prices in Europe, exchange rates, pump prices by country, world energy rankings.

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