Botswana
Botswana is an upper middle income economy in Sub-Saharan Africa, with its capital at Gaborone. 80.2% of its people had electricity in 2024.
- Electricity access
- 80.2%
- 2024, world 91.9%
- Renewable electricity
- 0.2%
- 2021, world 27.8%
- CO₂ per person
- 2.74 t
- 2024, world 4.69 t
- Consumption per person
- 1,660 kWh
- 2024, world 3,708 kWh
- Clean cooking
- 71.0%
- 2024, world 75.4%
- GDP per person
- 7,778
- 2025, world 14,406
Electricity generation mix
- Oil
- Coal
- Gas
- Hydro
- Nuclear
- Solar, wind & other
Botswana2024
Sub-Saharan Africa2024
World2025
View data table
| Economy | Oil | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Nuclear | Solar, wind & other | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botswana | 3.7% | 95.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 2024 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 5.0% | 42.9% | 14.0% | 29.9% | 1.6% | 4.3% | 2024 |
| World | 1.2% | 15.1% | 28.7% | 15.2% | 15.2% | 12.4% | 2025 |
Share of electricity production by source, latest year available. Shares may not sum to exactly 100% because of rounding and minor sources.
Access to electricity
% of population, compared with Sub-Saharan Africa and the world.
- Botswana
- World
- Sub-Saharan Africa
0%
50%
100%
WorldBotswanaSub-Saharan Africa View data table
| Year | Botswana | World | Sub-Saharan Africa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 80.2% | 91.9% | 55.1% |
| 2023 | 76.0% | 91.6% | 53.3% |
| 2022 | 75.9% | 91.3% | 51.5% |
| 2021 | 73.7% | 91.3% | 50.7% |
| 2020 | 71.8% | 90.4% | 48.5% |
| 2019 | 70.1% | 90.1% | 47.2% |
| 2018 | 68.3% | 89.8% | 46.4% |
| 2017 | 67.4% | 88.9% | 43.8% |
| 2016 | 64.2% | 88.1% | 43.8% |
| 2015 | 62.1% | 86.9% | 39.2% |
| 2014 | 60.0% | 86.2% | 38.4% |
| 2013 | 58.0% | 85.7% | 38.0% |
| 2012 | 56.0% | 84.9% | 36.8% |
| 2011 | 53.2% | 84.5% | 35.9% |
| 2010 | 52.0% | 83.5% | 33.3% |
| 2009 | 43.4% | 82.9% | 32.6% |
| 2008 | 44.5% | 82.7% | 32.4% |
| 2007 | 41.9% | 82.0% | 32.5% |
| 2006 | 39.7% | 81.4% | 31.2% |
| 2005 | 37.5% | 80.7% | 29.4% |
| 2004 | 35.3% | 80.0% | 29.4% |
| 2003 | 33.1% | 80.0% | 29.6% |
| 2002 | 27.0% | 79.1% | 27.3% |
| 2001 | 24.8% | 78.7% | 26.2% |
| 2000 | 26.5% | 78.2% | 25.7% |
| 1999 | 25.1% | 74.5% | 30.1% |
| 1998 | 22.8% | 73.2% | 28.6% |
| 1997 | 20.6% | – | 28.4% |
| 1996 | 18.4% | – | 28.5% |
| 1995 | 16.1% | – | – |
Emissions
CO₂ per person, tonnes, excluding land use.
- Botswana
- World
- Sub-Saharan Africa
0 t
2 t
4 t
6 t
WorldBotswanaSub-Saharan Africa View data table
| Year | Botswana | World | Sub-Saharan Africa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.74 t | 4.69 t | 0.70 t |
| 2023 | 2.71 t | 4.68 t | 0.70 t |
| 2022 | 2.80 t | 4.67 t | 0.72 t |
| 2021 | 2.73 t | 4.68 t | 0.75 t |
| 2020 | 2.57 t | 4.47 t | 0.73 t |
| 2019 | 3.15 t | 4.70 t | 0.79 t |
| 2018 | 3.57 t | 4.73 t | 0.80 t |
| 2017 | 3.28 t | 4.67 t | 0.80 t |
| 2016 | 3.02 t | 4.65 t | 0.81 t |
| 2015 | 3.22 t | 4.70 t | 0.82 t |
| 2014 | 3.29 t | 4.78 t | 0.86 t |
| 2013 | 2.58 t | 4.81 t | 0.85 t |
| 2012 | 1.67 t | 4.77 t | 0.82 t |
| 2011 | 1.94 t | 4.76 t | 0.82 t |
| 2010 | 1.66 t | 4.67 t | 0.84 t |
| 2009 | 2.07 t | 4.45 t | 0.82 t |
| 2008 | 2.31 t | 4.56 t | 0.89 t |
| 2007 | 2.31 t | 4.59 t | 0.86 t |
| 2006 | 2.21 t | 4.48 t | 0.86 t |
| 2005 | 2.39 t | 4.39 t | 0.89 t |
| 2004 | 2.24 t | 4.28 t | 0.89 t |
| 2003 | 2.33 t | 4.15 t | 0.86 t |
| 2002 | 2.39 t | 4.02 t | 0.84 t |
| 2001 | 2.31 t | 4.01 t | 0.85 t |
| 2000 | 2.44 t | 4.01 t | 0.85 t |
| 1999 | 2.46 t | 3.95 t | 0.85 t |
| 1998 | 2.38 t | 3.98 t | 0.89 t |
| 1997 | 2.05 t | 4.02 t | 0.91 t |
| 1996 | 1.96 t | 4.01 t | 0.90 t |
| 1995 | 2.23 t | 3.99 t | 0.87 t |
Currency
13.97 BWP
per US dollar, mid-market reference. 1 BWP = ₦95.28
Sunshine in Gaborone
7.6 kWh/m² today
- Tu7.6 kWh per square metre
- We5.1 kWh per square metre
- Th7.3 kWh per square metre
- Fr7.3 kWh per square metre
- Sa7.7 kWh per square metre
- Su7.8 kWh per square metre
- Mo7.5 kWh per square metre
Open-Meteo forecast, modelled irradiation.
Power plants
Installed capacity by fuel
2 plants, 746 MW recorded in WRI’s Global Power Plant Database.
- Coal746 MW
Snapshot as of the database’s 2021 release; newer plants are not included. Nameplate capacity, not available generation.
Largest plants
| Plant | Fuel | MW | Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Morpule | Coal | 732 | – |
| Sua Pan Soda Ash | Coal | 14 | – |
All indicators
Botswana in numbers
Energy access
| Indicator | Botswana | Year | Sub-Saharan Africa | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access to electricity % of population | 80.2% | 2024 | 55.1% | 91.9% |
| Access to electricity, rural % of rural population | 45.9% | 2024 | 35.7% | 84.9% |
| Access to electricity, urban % of urban population | 96.7% | 2024 | 82.9% | 97.8% |
| Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking % of population | 71.0% | 2024 | 22.9% | 75.4% |
Power supply and mix
| Indicator | Botswana | Year | Sub-Saharan Africa | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from coal % of total | 95.4% | 2024 | 42.9% | 15.1% |
| Electricity production from natural gas % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 14.0% | 28.7% |
| Electricity production from oil % of total | 3.7% | 2024 | 5.0% | 1.2% |
| Electricity production from nuclear % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 1.6% | 15.2% |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 29.9% | 15.2% |
| Electric power transmission and distribution losses % of output | 23.2% | 2024 | 13.4% | 6.9% |
| Electric power consumption per capita kWh per capita | 1,660 kWh | 2024 | 380 kWh | 3,708 kWh |
Energy transition
| Indicator | Botswana | Year | Sub-Saharan Africa | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from renewables, excluding hydro % of total | 0.2% | 2021 | 4.3% | 12.4% |
| Renewable electricity output % of total electricity output | 0.2% | 2021 | 32.6% | 27.8% |
| Renewable energy consumption % of total final energy consumption | 27.4% | 2021 | 70.3% | 19.7% |
| CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding LULUCF) t CO₂e per capita | 2.74 t | 2024 | 0.70 t | 4.69 t |
| CO₂ emissions, total (excluding LULUCF) Mt CO₂e | 6.9 Mt | 2024 | 896.3 Mt | 39,632.7 Mt |
| Energy intensity of primary energy MJ per $2017 PPP GDP | 2.68 MJ/$ | 2021 | 6.14 MJ/$ | 4.54 MJ/$ |
Energy economy
| Indicator | Botswana | Year | Sub-Saharan Africa | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 0.7% | 2023 | 40.9% | 9.5% |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.00% | 2021 | 3.80% | 1.36% |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.00% | 2021 | 0.49% | 0.52% |
| GDP per capita current US$ | 7,778 | 2025 | 1,673 | 14,406 |
| Population, total people | 2.6M | 2025 | 1.3B | 8.2B |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Latest year available per series.