Panama
Panama is a high income economy in Latin America & Caribbean, with its capital at Panama City. 96.0% of its people had electricity in 2024.
- Electricity access
- 96.0%
- 2024, world 91.9%
- Renewable electricity
- 69.0%
- 2021, world 27.8%
- CO₂ per person
- 2.74 t
- 2024, world 4.69 t
- Consumption per person
- 2,242 kWh
- 2024, world 3,708 kWh
- Clean cooking
- 94.0%
- 2024, world 75.4%
- GDP per person
- 19,790
- 2025, world 14,406
Electricity generation mix
- Oil
- Coal
- Gas
- Hydro
- Nuclear
- Solar, wind & other
Panama2024
Latin America & Caribbean2025
World2025
View data table
| Economy | Oil | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Nuclear | Solar, wind & other | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panama | 11.4% | 14.3% | 16.5% | 58.5% | 0.0% | 9.0% | 2024 |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 2.8% | 4.5% | 26.5% | 37.0% | 2.5% | 15.1% | 2025 |
| World | 1.2% | 15.1% | 28.7% | 15.2% | 15.2% | 12.4% | 2025 |
Share of electricity production by source, latest year available. Shares may not sum to exactly 100% because of rounding and minor sources.
Access to electricity
% of population, compared with Latin America & Caribbean and the world.
- Panama
- World
- Latin America & Caribbean
0%
50%
100%
Latin America & CaribbeanPanamaWorld View data table
| Year | Panama | World | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 96.0% | 91.9% | 98.0% |
| 2023 | 97.0% | 91.6% | 98.4% |
| 2022 | 95.0% | 91.3% | 98.6% |
| 2021 | 95.3% | 91.3% | 98.3% |
| 2020 | 95.3% | 90.4% | 98.1% |
| 2019 | 93.9% | 90.1% | 98.0% |
| 2018 | 93.8% | 89.8% | 97.8% |
| 2017 | 93.7% | 88.9% | 97.7% |
| 2016 | 92.4% | 88.1% | 97.5% |
| 2015 | 91.6% | 86.9% | 97.3% |
| 2014 | 90.8% | 86.2% | 97.1% |
| 2013 | 89.1% | 85.7% | 96.9% |
| 2012 | 89.3% | 84.9% | 96.6% |
| 2011 | 88.6% | 84.5% | 96.2% |
| 2010 | 86.8% | 83.5% | 95.9% |
| 2009 | 87.0% | 82.9% | 95.4% |
| 2008 | 86.3% | 82.7% | 95.2% |
| 2007 | 85.5% | 82.0% | 94.5% |
| 2006 | 84.8% | 81.4% | 94.3% |
| 2005 | 84.1% | 80.7% | 93.5% |
| 2004 | 83.4% | 80.0% | 93.2% |
| 2003 | 87.8% | 80.0% | 92.7% |
| 2002 | 82.1% | 79.1% | 92.7% |
| 2001 | 81.5% | 78.7% | 92.3% |
| 2000 | 81.4% | 78.2% | 91.7% |
| 1999 | 79.9% | 74.5% | 91.3% |
| 1998 | 79.1% | 73.2% | 90.6% |
| 1997 | 78.3% | – | 90.0% |
| 1996 | 77.5% | – | 89.6% |
| 1995 | 76.7% | – | 88.6% |
Emissions
CO₂ per person, tonnes, excluding land use.
- Panama
- World
- Latin America & Caribbean
0 t
2 t
4 t
6 t
WorldPanamaLatin America & Caribbean View data table
| Year | Panama | World | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.74 t | 4.69 t | 2.68 t |
| 2023 | 2.86 t | 4.68 t | 2.66 t |
| 2022 | 2.60 t | 4.67 t | 2.64 t |
| 2021 | 2.48 t | 4.68 t | 2.64 t |
| 2020 | 2.26 t | 4.47 t | 2.45 t |
| 2019 | 3.11 t | 4.70 t | 2.76 t |
| 2018 | 2.38 t | 4.73 t | 2.78 t |
| 2017 | 2.48 t | 4.67 t | 2.88 t |
| 2016 | 2.65 t | 4.65 t | 2.92 t |
| 2015 | 2.68 t | 4.70 t | 3.01 t |
| 2014 | 2.77 t | 4.78 t | 3.06 t |
| 2013 | 2.68 t | 4.81 t | 3.08 t |
| 2012 | 2.78 t | 4.77 t | 3.05 t |
| 2011 | 2.71 t | 4.76 t | 2.94 t |
| 2010 | 2.53 t | 4.67 t | 2.88 t |
| 2009 | 2.43 t | 4.45 t | 2.71 t |
| 2008 | 2.07 t | 4.56 t | 2.83 t |
| 2007 | 2.18 t | 4.59 t | 2.79 t |
| 2006 | 2.22 t | 4.48 t | 2.73 t |
| 2005 | 2.14 t | 4.39 t | 2.70 t |
| 2004 | 1.69 t | 4.28 t | 2.64 t |
| 2003 | 1.72 t | 4.15 t | 2.56 t |
| 2002 | 1.73 t | 4.02 t | 2.53 t |
| 2001 | 2.02 t | 4.01 t | 2.56 t |
| 2000 | 1.72 t | 4.01 t | 2.60 t |
| 1999 | 1.70 t | 3.95 t | 2.56 t |
| 1998 | 1.98 t | 3.98 t | 2.61 t |
| 1997 | 1.64 t | 4.02 t | 2.55 t |
| 1996 | 1.59 t | 4.01 t | 2.46 t |
| 1995 | 1.61 t | 3.99 t | 2.34 t |
Currency
1.0000 PAB
per US dollar, mid-market reference. 1 PAB = ₦1,331.44
Sunshine in Panama City
5.1 kWh/m² today
- Tu5.1 kWh per square metre
- We6.0 kWh per square metre
- Th6.3 kWh per square metre
- Fr5.0 kWh per square metre
- Sa4.7 kWh per square metre
- Su5.1 kWh per square metre
- Mo5.2 kWh per square metre
Open-Meteo forecast, modelled irradiation.
Power plants
Installed capacity by fuel
17 plants, 1,633 MW recorded in WRI’s Global Power Plant Database.
- Hydro1,063 MW
- Oil262 MW
- Gas160 MW
- Coal120 MW
- Solar28 MW
Snapshot as of the database’s 2021 release; newer plants are not included. Nameplate capacity, not available generation.
Largest plants
| Plant | Fuel | MW | Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edwin Fabrega (Fortuna) Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 300 | – |
| Bayano Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 260 | – |
| Changuinola I Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 222 | – |
| Central 9 de Enero (JB) CCGT Power Plant Panama | Gas | 160 | – |
| Bahia las Minas Coal Power Plant Panama | Coal | 120 | – |
| Esti Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 120 | – |
| PanAm IC Power Plant Panama | Oil | 96 | – |
| ACP Miraflores 3 and 4 Thermal Power Plant Panama | Oil | 59 | – |
| Los Valles Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 55 | – |
| ACP Miraflores IC Power Plant Panama | Oil | 54 | – |
| Pedregal Pacora Power Plant Panama | Oil | 53 | – |
| La Estrella Hydroelectric Power Plant Panama | Hydro | 47 | – |
All indicators
Panama in numbers
Energy access
| Indicator | Panama | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access to electricity % of population | 96.0% | 2024 | 98.0% | 91.9% |
| Access to electricity, rural % of rural population | 92.1% | 2024 | 91.0% | 84.9% |
| Access to electricity, urban % of urban population | 98.0% | 2024 | 99.7% | 97.8% |
| Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking % of population | 94.0% | 2024 | 90.5% | 75.4% |
Power supply and mix
| Indicator | Panama | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from coal % of total | 14.3% | 2023 | 4.5% | 15.1% |
| Electricity production from natural gas % of total | 16.5% | 2024 | 26.5% | 28.7% |
| Electricity production from oil % of total | 11.4% | 2024 | 2.8% | 1.2% |
| Electricity production from nuclear % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 2.5% | 15.2% |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources % of total | 58.5% | 2024 | 37.0% | 15.2% |
| Electric power transmission and distribution losses % of output | 21.6% | 2024 | 13.6% | 6.9% |
| Electric power consumption per capita kWh per capita | 2,242 kWh | 2024 | 2,828 kWh | 3,708 kWh |
Energy transition
| Indicator | Panama | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from renewables, excluding hydro % of total | 9.0% | 2021 | 15.1% | 12.4% |
| Renewable electricity output % of total electricity output | 69.0% | 2021 | 56.7% | 27.8% |
| Renewable energy consumption % of total final energy consumption | 28.0% | 2021 | 34.2% | 19.7% |
| CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding LULUCF) t CO₂e per capita | 2.74 t | 2024 | 2.68 t | 4.69 t |
| CO₂ emissions, total (excluding LULUCF) Mt CO₂e | 12.4 Mt | 2024 | 1,771.5 Mt | 39,632.7 Mt |
| Energy intensity of primary energy MJ per $2017 PPP GDP | 1.41 MJ/$ | 2021 | 3.27 MJ/$ | 4.54 MJ/$ |
Energy economy
| Indicator | Panama | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 0.9% | 2025 | 8.8% | 9.5% |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.00% | 2021 | 1.93% | 1.36% |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.00% | 2021 | 0.15% | 0.52% |
| GDP per capita current US$ | 19,790 | 2025 | 11,095 | 14,406 |
| Population, total people | 4.6M | 2025 | 666.6M | 8.2B |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Latest year available per series.
More in Latin America & Caribbean
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- British Virgin Islands
- Cayman Islands
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Curaçao
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras