Cuba
Cuba is an upper-middle-income economy in Latin America & Caribbean, with its capital at Havana. 100.0% of its people had electricity in 2024.
- Electricity access
- 100.0%
- 2024, world 91.9%
- Renewable electricity
- 4.8%
- 2021, world 27.8%
- CO₂ per person
- 1.91 t
- 2024, world 4.69 t
- Consumption per person
- 1,373 kWh
- 2024, world 3,708 kWh
- Clean cooking
- 96.0%
- 2024, world 75.4%
- GDP per person
- 9,605
- 2020, world 14,406
Electricity generation mix
- Oil
- Coal
- Gas
- Hydro
- Nuclear
- Solar, wind & other
Cuba2024
Latin America & Caribbean2024
World2024
View data table
| Economy | Oil | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Nuclear | Solar, wind & other | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cuba | 81.3% | 0.0% | 14.9% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 4.2% | 2024 |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 5.3% | 4.4% | 24.8% | 41.9% | 2.2% | 15.1% | 2024 |
| World | 2.3% | 34.5% | 21.9% | 14.6% | 9.8% | 12.4% | 2024 |
Share of electricity production by source, latest year available. Shares may not sum to exactly 100% because of rounding and minor sources.
Access to electricity
% of population, compared with Latin America & Caribbean and the world.
- Cuba
- World
- Latin America & Caribbean
0%
50%
100%
CubaLatin America & CaribbeanWorld View data table
| Year | Cuba | World | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 100.0% | 91.9% | 98.0% |
| 2023 | 100.0% | 91.6% | 98.4% |
| 2022 | 100.0% | 91.3% | 98.6% |
| 2021 | 100.0% | 91.3% | 98.3% |
| 2020 | 99.9% | 90.4% | 98.1% |
| 2019 | 99.8% | 90.1% | 98.0% |
| 2018 | 99.6% | 89.8% | 97.8% |
| 2017 | 99.4% | 88.9% | 97.7% |
| 2016 | 99.2% | 88.1% | 97.5% |
| 2015 | 99.0% | 86.9% | 97.3% |
| 2014 | 98.7% | 86.2% | 97.1% |
| 2013 | 98.5% | 85.7% | 96.9% |
| 2012 | 98.3% | 84.9% | 96.6% |
| 2011 | 98.0% | 84.5% | 96.2% |
| 2010 | 97.8% | 83.5% | 95.9% |
| 2009 | 97.6% | 82.9% | 95.4% |
| 2008 | 97.3% | 82.7% | 95.2% |
| 2007 | 97.1% | 82.0% | 94.5% |
| 2006 | 96.9% | 81.4% | 94.3% |
| 2005 | 96.8% | 80.7% | 93.5% |
| 2004 | 96.6% | 80.0% | 93.2% |
| 2003 | 96.5% | 80.0% | 92.7% |
| 2002 | 95.5% | 79.1% | 92.7% |
| 2001 | 96.2% | 78.7% | 92.3% |
| 2000 | 97.0% | 78.2% | 91.7% |
| 1999 | – | 74.5% | 91.3% |
| 1998 | – | 73.2% | 90.6% |
| 1997 | – | – | 90.0% |
| 1996 | – | – | 89.6% |
| 1995 | – | – | 88.6% |
Energy production and use
| Measure | Latest | Year | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude oil production | 25 thousand b/d | 2025 | 61 of 99 |
| Oil consumption | 117 thousand b/d | 2024 | 73 of 216 |
| Gas production | 1.0 bcm | 2024 | 67 of 97 |
| Gas consumption | 1.0 bcm | 2024 | 91 of 126 |
| Electricity generation | 19.4 TWh | 2024 | 86 of 211 |
| Renewable generation | 0.8 TWh | 2024 | 134 of 206 |
| Primary energy consumption | 0.29 quad Btu | 2024 | 92 of 215 |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics.
Power generation, 2024
Cuba generated 19.4 TWh of electricity in 2024, 4% of it from low-carbon sources, at 643 grams of CO₂ per kWh.
Source: Ember, yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0).
Cuba in world rankings
- Crude oil production#61 of 98
- Oil consumption#72 of 203
- Natural gas production#67 of 96
- Natural gas consumption#90 of 125
- Electricity generation#85 of 202
- Renewable generation#132 of 200
- Primary energy consumption#91 of 203
- Clean electricity share#166 of 190
- Grid carbon intensity#161 of 190
- Solar share of electricity#126 of 169
- Wind share of electricity#89 of 103
- Hydro share of electricity#134 of 140
- Gas share of electricity#82 of 114
Emissions
CO₂ per person, tonnes, excluding land use.
- Cuba
- World
- Latin America & Caribbean
0 t
2 t
4 t
6 t
WorldLatin America & CaribbeanCuba View data table
| Year | Cuba | World | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.91 t | 4.69 t | 2.68 t |
| 2023 | 1.82 t | 4.68 t | 2.66 t |
| 2022 | 1.79 t | 4.67 t | 2.64 t |
| 2021 | 1.96 t | 4.68 t | 2.64 t |
| 2020 | 1.65 t | 4.47 t | 2.45 t |
| 2019 | 1.99 t | 4.70 t | 2.76 t |
| 2018 | 2.39 t | 4.73 t | 2.78 t |
| 2017 | 2.36 t | 4.67 t | 2.88 t |
| 2016 | 2.42 t | 4.65 t | 2.92 t |
| 2015 | 2.61 t | 4.70 t | 3.01 t |
| 2014 | 2.38 t | 4.78 t | 3.06 t |
| 2013 | 2.57 t | 4.81 t | 3.08 t |
| 2012 | 2.56 t | 4.77 t | 3.05 t |
| 2011 | 2.46 t | 4.76 t | 2.94 t |
| 2010 | 2.49 t | 4.67 t | 2.88 t |
| 2009 | 2.39 t | 4.45 t | 2.71 t |
| 2008 | 2.36 t | 4.56 t | 2.83 t |
| 2007 | 2.45 t | 4.59 t | 2.79 t |
| 2006 | 2.38 t | 4.48 t | 2.73 t |
| 2005 | 2.33 t | 4.39 t | 2.70 t |
| 2004 | 2.25 t | 4.28 t | 2.64 t |
| 2003 | 2.30 t | 4.15 t | 2.56 t |
| 2002 | 2.38 t | 4.02 t | 2.53 t |
| 2001 | 2.50 t | 4.01 t | 2.56 t |
| 2000 | 2.61 t | 4.01 t | 2.60 t |
| 1999 | 2.59 t | 3.95 t | 2.56 t |
| 1998 | 2.53 t | 3.98 t | 2.61 t |
| 1997 | 2.58 t | 4.02 t | 2.55 t |
| 1996 | 2.37 t | 4.01 t | 2.46 t |
| 1995 | 2.19 t | 3.99 t | 2.34 t |
Currency
No reference rate available for this currency.
Sunshine in Havana
5.5 kWh/m² today
- We5.5 kWh per square metre
- Th5.5 kWh per square metre
- Fr5.6 kWh per square metre
- Sa4.7 kWh per square metre
- Su3.6 kWh per square metre
- Mo4.6 kWh per square metre
- Tu5.0 kWh per square metre
Open-Meteo forecast, modelled irradiation.
Power plants
Installed capacity by fuel
14 plants, 3,797 MW recorded in WRI’s Global Power Plant Database.
- Oil3,367 MW
- Gas411 MW
- Wind10 MW
- Solar9 MW
Snapshot as of the database’s 2021 release; newer plants are not included. Nameplate capacity, not available generation.
Largest plants
| Plant | Fuel | MW | Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Havana TPP | Oil | 500 | – |
| Lidio Perez (felton) Powerplant | Oil | 500 | – |
| Antonio Maceo (rente) Powerplant | Oil | 450 | – |
| Máximo Gómez (Mariel) | Oil | 450 | – |
| Carlos De Cespedes Powerplant | Oil | 382 | – |
| Antonio Guiteras Powerplant | Oil | 330 | – |
| Santa Cruz | Oil | 300 | – |
| 10 De Octubre (nuevitas) Powerplant | Oil | 280 | – |
| Boca de Jaruco | Gas | 238 | – |
| Eg Punta Gorda Powerplant | Oil | 175 | – |
| Varadero Powerplant | Gas | 173 | – |
| Gibara | Wind | 10 | – |
All indicators
Cuba in numbers
Energy access
| Indicator | Cuba | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0% | 2024 | 98.0% | 91.9% |
| Access to electricity, rural % of rural population | 100.0% | 2024 | 91.0% | 84.9% |
| Access to electricity, urban % of urban population | 100.0% | 2024 | 99.7% | 97.8% |
| Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking % of population | 96.0% | 2024 | 90.5% | 75.4% |
Power supply and mix
| Indicator | Cuba | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from coal % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 4.4% | 34.5% |
| Electricity production from natural gas % of total | 14.9% | 2024 | 24.8% | 21.9% |
| Electricity production from oil % of total | 81.3% | 2024 | 5.3% | 2.3% |
| Electricity production from nuclear % of total | 0.0% | 2021 | 2.2% | 9.8% |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources % of total | 0.5% | 2024 | 41.9% | 14.6% |
| Electric power transmission and distribution losses % of output | 16.2% | 2024 | 13.6% | 6.9% |
| Electric power consumption per capita kWh per capita | 1,373 kWh | 2024 | 2,436 kWh | 3,708 kWh |
Energy transition
| Indicator | Cuba | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity production from renewables, excluding hydro % of total | 4.2% | 2021 | 15.1% | 12.4% |
| Renewable electricity output % of total electricity output | 4.8% | 2021 | 56.7% | 27.8% |
| Renewable energy consumption % of total final energy consumption | 20.9% | 2021 | 34.2% | 19.7% |
| CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding LULUCF) t CO₂e per capita | 1.91 t | 2024 | 2.68 t | 4.69 t |
| CO₂ emissions, total (excluding LULUCF) Mt CO₂e | 21.0 Mt | 2024 | 1,771.5 Mt | 39,632.7 Mt |
| Energy intensity of primary energy MJ per $2017 PPP GDP | 1.35 MJ/$ | 2021 | 3.27 MJ/$ | 4.54 MJ/$ |
Energy economy
| Indicator | Cuba | Year | Latin America & Caribbean | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 5.7% | 2021 | 8.8% | 9.5% |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.22% | 2020 | 1.93% | 1.36% |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.02% | 2020 | 0.15% | 0.52% |
| GDP per capita current US$ | 9,605 | 2020 | 11,095 | 14,406 |
| Population, total people | 10.9M | 2025 | 666.6M | 8.2B |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Latest year available per series.
More in Latin America & Caribbean
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- British Virgin Islands
- Cayman Islands
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Curaçao
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Jamaica